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KMID : 0895420040140030283
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Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Enviromental Hygiene
2004 Volume.14 No. 3 p.283 ~ p.289
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Field study of concentrations and emissions of biological contaminants by types of pig buildings in Korea
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Kim Ki-Youn
Lee Kyung-Jong
Park Jae-Bum
Kim Chi-Nyon
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Abstract
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Inhalation of biological contaminants in pig building can be detrimental to farm worker’s health effects such as infection, allergy, or toxicosis. The principal aim of this field study was to determine the concentrations and emissions of biological contaminants, that is, total airborne bacteria and fungi, in the different types of pig buildings in Korea and allow objective comparison between Korea and the other countries in terms of swine housing types. Pig buildings in this research were selected with three criteria such as manure removal system, ventilation mode and growth stage of pig. Measurements of concentration and emission of total dust and respirable dust in the pig buildings were performed in 5 housing types and 15 farms. Concentrations of total airborne bacteria and fungi in the pig buildings were averaged to 4.13 log(cfu/㎥) and 3.14 log(cfu/㎥) and ranged from 1.16 to 10.26 log(cfu/㎥) and from 0.48 to 6.86 log(cfu/㎥), respectively. The highest concentrations of total airborne bacteria and fungi were found in the pig buildings with deep-litter bed system; 5.76 ㎎/㎥ and 5.14 ㎎/㎥, while the lowest concentrations of total airborne bacteria and fungi were found in the naturally ventilated buildings with slats; 2.52 log(cfu/㎥) and 1.84 log(cfu/㎥)(p<0.05). The mean emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi per pig(75kg in terms of liveweight) and area(㎡) from pig buildings were 0.98 log(cfu)/h/pig and 0.73 log(cfu)/h/pig
and 1.32 log(cfu)/h/㎡and 0.96 log(cfu)/h/㎡, respectively. The pig buildings with deep-litter bed system showed the
highest emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi(p<0.05). However, the emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi from the other pig buildings were not significantly different. This study showed that the mean concentrations of total airborne bacteria and fungi in the pig buildings situated in Korea were generally lower than those in other countries. The mean emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi in the pig buildings showed little differences between Korea and other countries. In conclusion, the concentrations and emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi were relatively higher in the pig buildings which are managed with deep-litter bed system and ventilated naturally than the different swine housing types. In further research, the more farms than case of this research should be investigated to present an objective and accurate data for concentrations and emissions of total airborne bacteria and fungi in the pig buildings in Korea. In addition
the threshold limit values(TLVs) for total airborne bacteria and fungi should be suggested to assess the health risks of
farm workers exposed to biological contaminants.
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KEYWORD
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Pig building, Farm worker, Bioaerosol, Airborne bacteria, Airborne fungi
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